Even, K.M., Hymel, K.P., Armijo-Garcia, V., et al. Harris, C.K., & Stagner, A.M. 2. Estimating the probability of abusive head trauma after abuse evaluation. Traumatic axonal injury: neuropathological features, postmortem diagnostic methods, and strategies. August 2022. Medicolegal issues in abusive head trauma for the pediatric neurosurgeon. March 2023. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. Prevalence of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis in abusive head trauma. Part 1: initial considerations and appendicular skeleton. Course Information Abusive head trauma, which includes head injuries from child abuse such as Shaken Baby Syndrome, is the leading cause of death in cases of child abuse in the United States. December 2017 [epub ahead of print]. October 2020. Characteristics of rib fractures in young abused children. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Minns, R.A., Jones, P.A., Fleck, B.W., et al. Complex Pathophysiology of Abusive Head Trauma with Poor Neurological Outcome in Infants. Pediatrics: September 2010, Sandeep Narang. Chang, Y.T., Feng, J.Y., Chang, H.Y., et al. Chaiyachati, B.H., Wood, J.N., Carter, C., et al. March 2022. The Radiologist. Current issues and controversies surrounding spine imaging and the significance of spinal subdural hemorrhage in suspected abusive head trauma. Pediatric Neurosurgery. Journal of Family Violence. ICD-10-CM Codes for the Identification of Abusive Head Trauma in Administrative Datasets. Pediatric Radiology. Dec. 2016. July 2022. The detection of significant fractures in suspected infant abuse. Physical Examination Sensitivity for Skull Fracture in Pediatric Patients with Blunt Head Trauma: A Secondary Analysis of the National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study II Head Computed Tomography Validation Study. Timely recognition of retinal hemorrhage in pediatric abusive head trauma evaluation. SIDS is sometimes known as crib death because the infants often die in their cribs. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. Med Sci Law. Kank A, nce OT, Yeilolu , Eliak K, Bakiler AR. Magnetic resonance imaging of optic nerve and optic sheath hemorrhages in child abuse. Identifying abusive head trauma and its mimics: diagnostic nuances. So, what should you be aware of, what should you watch for? Evaluation of nonaccidental trauma in infants presenting with skull fractures: a retrospective review. Abusive Head Trauma in Infants: Incidence and Detection of Prior Brain Injury. Abusive Head Trauma in Infants During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Paris Metropolitan Area. Horton, D., Burrell, T., Moffatt, M.E., et al. August 2022. Journal of Pediatric Nursing. One shake is all it takes to cause traumatic brain injuries in an infant. Obry, S., Roman, E., Tavernier, E., et al. Sept. 2018. Hymel, KP., Armijo-Garcia, V., Musick, M., et al. Diagnostic Tools in the Detection of Physical Child Abuse: A Systematic Review. Photosensitive cells calls rods and cones in the retina convert light energy into signals that are carried to the brain by the optic nerve. Neonatal mortality is typically . Nonaka, M., & Asai, A. Doswell, A., Anderst, J., Tieder, J.S., et al. February 2021. Child Abuse Review. Epidemiology of Abusive Head Trauma Among Children in Saudi Arabia. An In-Depth Analysis of Brain and Spine Neuroimaging in Children with Abusive Head Trauma: Beyond the Classic Imaging Findings. One third (1/3) of SBS/AHT victims who develop symptoms either do not have significant disabling conditions or the outcomes are less well-defined. Pediatric abusive head trauma: ThinkFirst national injury prevention foundation. A review on clotting disorders and retinal hemorrhages: Can they mimic abuse? Subcortical Lacerations, a Significant Sign of Shaken Baby Syndrome - Diagnosis with High-Resolution Duplex Sonography. Strouse PJ. The world has made substantial progress in child survival since 1990. Abusive head trauma in India: imaging raises the curtain. Acceptance of Shaken Baby Syndrome and Abusive Head Trauma as Medical Diagnoses. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health. May 2015. Increased Mortality in Very Young Children with Traumatic Brain Injury Due to Abuse: A Nationwide Analysis of 10,965 Patients. Growth recovery lines: a specific indicator of child abuse and neglect? Abusive head trauma follows witnessed infant shaking. Postmortem computed tomography plus forensic autopsy for determining the cause of death in child fatalitiesSpeelman, A.C., Engel-Hills, P.C., Martin, L.J., et al. 74% of infants were covered by Medicaid. November 2019. Academic Pediatrics. About 1,360 babies died of SIDS in 2017, the last year for which such statistics are available. July 2021. Journal of Pediatrics. Shaken baby syndrome in an infant treated for retinopathy of prematurity with anti-VEGF injection. May 2022. Diagnostic Tools in the Detection of Physical Child Abuse: A Systematic Review. Shaken baby syndrome is completely preventable. Tanta Scientific Nursing Journal. 80% Suffer Lifelong Disabilities. Child Abuse & Neglect. Infant mortality is defined as death occurring during the first year of life and is an important summary reflecting social, political, health care delivery and medical outcomes in a geographic area. May 2018. August 2016. Fracture incidence in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome - A population-based case-control study. The eye in child abuse. Injuries like Charlie's are sometimes referred to as "shaken baby syndrome", but the medical term is abusive head trauma (AHT). Pediatric Ophthalmologists' Experiences With Abusive Head Trauma. Estimating the Relevance of Historical Red Flags in the Diagnosis of Abusive Head Trauma. November 2022. November 2021. September 2022. Outcomes and factors associated with infant abusive head trauma in the US. Development of a finite-element eye model to investigate retinal hemorrhages in shaken baby syndrome. The association of subcortical brain injury and abusive head trauma. Retinal hemorrhages in abusive head trauma with atraumatic neuroimaging. Cohrs AC, Agbese E, Leslie DL, Hymel KP. The legal challenges to the diagnosis of shaken baby syndrome or how to counter 12 common fake news. April 2017. Pediatrics. Septermber 2022. Pediatric Emergency Care. External Validation of the PediBIRN Clinical Prediction Rule for Abusive Head Trauma. February 2021. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Most in Babies Less Than 6 Months Old. Academic Pediatrics. How many deaths in Texas in 2021? 2022 Health of Women and Children Report. Eismann EA, Shapiro RA, Makoroff KL, et al. BMJ. Shimoji, K., Suehiro, E., Matsuno, A., et al. [PubMed: 32241102] 30. Eismann EA, Theuerling J, Cassedy A, Curry PA, Colliers T, & Makoroff K. Child Abuse & Neglect. JAMA Netw Open. Joyce T and Huecker MR. StatPearls. Blackwell, L.S., Martinez, M., Fournier-Goodnight, A., et al. Violent Infant Surrogate Shaking: Continuous High-Magnitude Centripetal Force and Abrupt Shift in Tangential Acceleration May Explain High Risk of Subdural Hemorrhage. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology. American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Practice Variation in Use of Neuroimaging Among Infants With Concern for Abuse Treated in Childrens Hospitals. March 2018. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. What are CT scans and MRIs and how are they used to diagnose Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma (SBS/AHT)? Median age of the infants at time of death was 87 days. International Journal of Child Maltreatment: Research, Policy and Practice. The Shaken Baby Alliance; National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome; Call for Help. Debunking Fringe Beliefs in Child Abuse Imaging: AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review. Multi-modality imaging characteristics of costochondral fractures, a highly specific rib fracture for child abuse. A Multispecialty Approach to the Identification and Diagnosis of Nonaccidental Trauma in Children. When shaken, the brain rotates relative to a more stationary skull, creating rotational and angular forces of the head. The Effectiveness of Parenting Programs in Preventing Abusive Head Trauma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. August 2018. Considerations. Raza H.F., Archambault, E., Pepin, K., Lord, A., et al. Identifying Maltreatment in Infants and Young Children Presenting with Fractures: Does Age Matter? Ocular Manifestations of Child Abuse. April 2022. Sept-Oct 2018. A man imprisoned for 15 years in the death of his month-old son is free after prosecutors and a judge agreed that the scientific research underlying what was once called "shaken baby syndrome . When soothing succeeds: Simulating a risk for repeated shaking in abusive head trauma in infants. Multi-modality imaging characteristics of costochondral fractures, a highly specific rib fracture for child abuse. A changing history: When is it a red flag for child abuse? Incidence of child abuse with subdural hemorrhage during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide study in France. Journal of Neurosurgery. November 2015. A systematic autopsy survey of human infant bridging veins. Shaken Baby Syndrome is seen most frequently in those younger that 6 months old, but can occur up to the age of three. Vinchon, M., & Di Rocco, F. Child's Nervous System. February 2023. Rabbitt, A.L., Olson, N.L., Niegl, M.N., et al. April 2016 [Epub ahead of print]. Short term outcomes of children with abusive head trauma two years post injury: A retrospective study. Pediatr Radiol. This type of bleeding can only be viewed by a doctor using specialized equipment. Improving Follow-Up Skeletal Survey Completion in Children with Suspected Nonaccidental Trauma. [Epub ahead of print]. Canty, K.W., Feldman, K.W., Bartnik-Olson, B., et al. Transphyseal Distal Humeral Fractures: A 13-Times-Greater Risk of Non-Accidental Trauma Compared with Supracondylar Humeral Fractures in Children Less Than 3 Years of Age. Toma M, Dehesa-Baeza A, Chan-Akaley R, et al. April 2022. Pediatrics. The importance of optic nerve sheath hemorrhage as a postmortem finding in cases of fatal abusive head trauma: a 13-year study in a tertiary hospital. External Validation of the PediBIRN Screening Tool for Abusive Head Trauma in Pediatric Emergency Department Settings. Hymel KP, Laskey AL, Crowell KR, et al. Identifying Predictors of Physical Abuse Evaluation of Injured Infants. You must obtain at least 30 clock hours of training each year relevant to the age of the children for whom you provide care. Identifying Child Abuse Fatalities During Infancy. September 2022. Prevalence, Patterns, and Clinical Relevance of Hypoxic-Ischemic Injuries in Children Exposed to Abusive Head Trauma, Advanced Cervical Spine Imaging in Abusive Head Trauma: An Update on Recent Literature and Future Directions, Eight-year outcome of implementation of abusive head trauma prevention, Racial and Ethic Disparities and Bias in the Evaluation and Reporting of Abusive Head Trauma, The Eye Examination in the Evaluation of Child Abuse, Development of a Model of Hemispheric Hypodensity ("Big Black Brain"), Pathology of Permiacular Folds due to Vitreoretinal Traction in Abusive Head Trauma, The Big Black Brain: Subdural Hemorrhage with Hemispheric Swelling and Low Attenuation, Factors influencing child protection professionals' decision-making and multidiscliplinary collaboration in suspected abusive head trauma cases: A qualitative study, Acceptablity of the Predicting Abusive Head Trauma (PredAHT) clinical prediction tool: A qualitative study with child protection professionals, Combatting misinformation about abusive head trauma: AAP endorses new report, Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome). 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